Here is a simple form to the answer.
- Encoding is changing the way data is presented
- using a public, generally-understood, and (usually) low-overhead method
- for the purpose of allowing the data to survive intact and easily recoverable after some sort of transfer.
Encryption is changing the way data is presented
- using a method or a key that is restricted and (as it happens) often computationally intensive
- for the purpose of shielding the data from some people while making it available to others.
